Laravel 官方的全文搜索扩展包 Scout 没有提供 elasticsearch 的支持，由于其良好的接口设计，第三方的也有很多，我选择的是 babenkoivan/scout-elasticsearch-driver
按照文档安装起来后，执行以下命令完成基本文件的创建：
//创建索引配置文件 php artisan make:index-configurator IndexConfigurators\UserIndexConfigurator //创建搜索规则 php artisan make:search-rule SearchRules\UserSearchRule
按文档在已有 App\User 模型上 use ScoutElastic\Searchable 这个 trait，补充 $indexConfigurator 及 $searchRules 这两个属性就可以了。接着执行：
//创建索引 php artisan elastic:create-index "App\IndexConfigurators\UserIndexConfigurator"
mapping 设置可以在模型添加 $mapping 属性，也可以定义在索引配置文件上。这个一般比较冗长，我是建议定义在 IndexConfigurator 的 $defaultMapping 属性上。
protected $defaultMapping = [
'properties' =>
array (
'avatar' =>
array (
'type' => 'text',
'fields' =>
array (
'keyword' =>
array (
'type' => 'keyword',
'ignore_above' => 256,
),
),
),
'comment_counts' =>
array (
'type' => 'long',
),
'created_at' =>
array (
'type' => 'text',
'fields' =>
array (
'keyword' =>
array (
'type' => 'keyword',
'ignore_above' => 256,
),
),
),
'email' =>
array (
'type' => 'text',
'fields' =>
array (
'keyword' =>
array (
'type' => 'keyword',
'ignore_above' => 256,
),
),
),
'fans_counts' =>
array (
'type' => 'long',
),
'following_counts' =>
array (
'type' => 'long',
),
'id' =>
array (
'type' => 'long',
),
'key' =>
array (
'type' => 'text',
'fields' =>
array (
'keyword' =>
array (
'type' => 'keyword',
'ignore_above' => 256,
),
),
),
'name' =>
array (
'type' => 'text',
'fields' =>
array (
'raw' =>
array (
'type' => 'keyword',
),
),
),
'register_source' =>
array (
'type' => 'text',
'fields' =>
array (
'keyword' =>
array (
'type' => 'keyword',
'ignore_above' => 256,
),
),
),
'score_counts' =>
array (
'type' => 'long',
),
'topic_counts' =>
array (
'type' => 'long',
),
'updated_at' =>
array (
'type' => 'text',
'fields' =>
array (
'keyword' =>
array (
'type' => 'keyword',
'ignore_above' => 256,
),
),
),
),
];
以上是一个用户表的 mapping，是直接插入数据时自动生成的，其实有的不太对，比如时间的字段 type 也定义为了 text。建议先自己写好，然后执行
//更新 mapping php artisan elastic:update-mapping "App\User"
接下来就是定义搜索规则了，在 UserSearchRule 中：
public function buildHighlightPayload()
{
return [
"pre_tags" => ['<font color="red">'],
"post_tags" => ['</font>'],
'fields' => [
"name" => ['type' => 'plain'],
"email" => ['type' => 'plain'],
]
];
}
public function buildQueryPayload()
{
$query = "*{$this->builder->query}*";
return [
"should" => [
["wildcard" => ["name" => $query]],
["wildcard" => ["email" => $query]],
],
];
}
这里，搜索用户直接使用的是通配符匹配，针对 name 和 email 两个字段进行匹配，是或的关系（故用 should）。
如果长文本，要分词，定义 mapping 和 queryPayload 则有些许变化。看下边这个例子，对几个长文本字段进行分词搜索。
//指定中文分词器 analyzer 和 search_analyzer
protected $defaultMapping = [
'properties' => [
'top_description' => [
'type' => 'text',
'analyzer' => 'ik_max_word',
'search_analyzer' => 'ik_smart',
],
'middle_description' => [
'type' => 'text',
'analyzer' => 'ik_max_word',
'search_analyzer' => 'ik_smart',
],
'bottom_description' => [
'type' => 'text',
'analyzer' => 'ik_max_word',
'search_analyzer' => 'ik_smart',
],
],
];
//进行 match 搜索，会分词
public function buildQueryPayload()
{
$query = $this->builder->query;
return [
"should" => [
["match" => ["top_description" => $query]],
["match" => ["middle_description" => $query]],
["match" => ["bottom_description" => $query]],
],
];
}
假如表中 content 字段存 json 格式的如下数据：
{
"0":{
"type":"text",
"data":{
"text":"值 得体验"
}
},
"1":{
"type":"image",
"data":{
"key":"oqjxx06tzfgzpwuayjrh",
"format":"jpg",
"width":1600,
"height":2400
}
}
}
定义 mapping 及 queryPayload 是这样的：
protected $defaultMapping = [
'properties' => [
'id' => [
'type' => 'long',
],
'cid' => [
'type' => 'long',
],
'type' => [
'type' => 'long',
],
'content' => [
'type' => 'nested',
'properties' => [
'type' => [
'type' => 'text',
],
'data' => [
'properties' => [
'text' => [
'type' => 'text',
'analyzer' => 'ik_max_word',
'search_analyzer' => 'ik_smart',
],
'key' => [
'type' => 'text',
],
'format' => [
'type' => 'text',
],
'width' => [
'type' => 'long',
],
'height' => [
'type' => 'long',
],
'url' => [
'type' => 'text',
]
],
]
]
],
'created_at' => [
'type' => 'date',
'format' => 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss',
],
'updated_at' => [
'type' => 'date',
'format' => 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss',
],
'deleted_at' => [
'type' => 'date',
'format' => 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss',
],
]
];
public function buildQueryPayload()
{
$query = $this->builder->query;
return [
"must" => [
"nested" => [
"path" => "content",
"query" => [
"match" => ["content.data.text" => $query]
],
],
],
];
}
其他依据文档进行即可。
参考：
https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/properties.html
https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/query-dsl-nested-query.html